Propolis: Nature’s Powerful Healer

Emerging from the depths of ancient history into modern medicine, bee resin—propolis—is still shrouded in mystery, having once been attributed with miraculous properties. In ancient Egypt, thousands of years ago, propolis was used for embalming the dead, as Egyptians believed it could protect and accompany souls on their afterlife journey. Later, in Greece, the father of ancient medicine, Dioscorides, named this bee product "propolis," derived from the Greek words "pro" (before) and "polis" (city), reflecting its role in protecting the bee "city."
Roman physicians also valued propolis for treating wounds and infections. Traditional medicines, including Chinese and Native American practices, utilized propolis for its healing properties. Today, science confirms these ancient beliefs, revealing propolis’s antioxidant, antimicrobial, and anti-inflammatory benefits, which continue to uphold its value in contemporary medicine.
Components of Propolis:
Flavonoids and Phenolic Acids: These are powerful antioxidants that contribute significantly to the health benefits of propolis. Approximately 50% of propolis is composed of flavonoids, phenolic acids, and their esters.
Waxes and Fatty Acids: Around 30% of propolis consists of waxes and fatty acids, which help in its structural integrity and therapeutic effects.
Essential Oils: About 10% of propolis is made up of essential oils, contributing to its aromatic properties and additional health benefits.
Pollen: Propolis also contains about 5% pollen, which adds to its nutritional profile.
Vitamins and Minerals: Propolis is rich in a variety of vitamins and minerals, including vitamins C, B1, B2, B3, B5, B6, and E, as well as the following minerals: Sr, Ba, Cd, Sn, Pb, Ti, Ag, Co, Mo, Al, Si, V, Ni, Mn, Cr, Na, Mg, Cu, Ca, Zn, Fe, and K, all present in various proportions.
These ingredients contribute to propolis's extensive health benefits.

Health Benefits of Propolis
Boosts Immunity
Propolis strengthens the immune system due to its antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, and antimicrobial properties. It helps neutralize free radicals, reduce inflammation, and combat harmful microorganisms, potentially lowering the risk of infections and enhancing overall immune response.
Enhances Wound Healing
Propolis promotes the healing of wounds and the regeneration of tissues. It boosts collagen production and helps repair damaged tissues while reducing inflammation that can hinder the healing process.
Increases Endurance
Propolis supports energy production at the cellular level by enhancing mitochondrial activity. Its antioxidant properties protect muscles from excessive fatigue, and its effects on the cardiovascular system help maintain stamina during prolonged physical activity.
Improves Recovery
After physical exertion, propolis aids in quicker recovery by reducing inflammation and restoring energy reserves. Its antioxidants protect against oxidative stress, and it supports the replenishment of glycogen stores in muscles.
Enhances Circulation
Propolis strengthens blood vessels and increases capillary resistance. It also aids in blood clotting, which is beneficial in the event of injuries. Improved circulation ensures that muscles receive adequate oxygen and nutrients, enhancing overall physical performance.
Usage Recommendations: Propolis is a highly concentrated product and should be diluted for practical use, often found in the form of ethanol tinctures, oil extracts, and ointments.
Recipe for Propolis Tincture
Ingredients:

1.) 100g of raw propolis
2.) 500ml of alcohol (minimum 70%)
The ratio of 100g of propolis to 500ml of alcohol is a 1:5, meaning one part propolis to five parts alcohol by weight. This ensures a strong and effective tincture.
Step-by-Step Instructions:
Follow the step-by-step guide below to learn how to make your own propolis tincture.
Mix the Propolis and Alcohol: Place 100g of propolis and 500ml of alcohol (at least 70% concentration) in a glass jar or wide-mouthed bottle. Ensure the alcohol is food-grade, not rubbing or denatured alcohol, as it must be safe for ingestion. If you can't find alcohol with this high a concentration, use the highest proof available. The solution will be less concentrated, as not all of the propolis will dissolve.
Seal and Shake: Fasten the lid tightly and shake the mixture vigorously to ensure the propolis is well-dispersed in the alcohol.
Store in a Dark Place: Store the jar in a dark place at room temperature, or in a slightly warm spot if possible (warmth improves extraction). Shake the jar a couple of times daily for at least three weeks to aid the extraction process. For the best results, let the tincture sit for up to six weeks. The longer it sits, the more propolis will dissolve and the more benefits you'll extract.
Strain the Mixture: After three weeks, strain the mixture through a filter, muslin, or sieve to remove any solid particles. Pour the clear, dark tincture jar or bottle, preferably made of dark glass to protect it from light.
Store: Store the tincture in a cool, dark place.
Personal Note: I have come across many recipes that suggest reusing leftover propolis for the next batch. I prefer not to do this because it makes it difficult to accurately determine the concentration of propolis in the subsequent batch. Instead, you can incorporate the leftover propolis into homemade teas or herbal infusions, or use it in cosmetic creams, soaps, and balms.
I allow the propolis tincture to sit for 5-6 weeks, which maximizes the extraction of all its beneficial compounds.
How to Use Propolis Tincture: Simple and Effective Methods
Directly on Tongue: Propolis tincture can be applied directly to the tongue to help with sore throats, mouth ulcers, or other minor oral issues.
In Tea: Add a few drops of propolis tincture to your tea for a natural supplement that provides potential health benefits, including antibacterial, antiviral, and anti-inflammatory properties.
In Water: Mix propolis tincture with water to create a mild-flavoured drink that can be consumed daily as an immune-boosting supplement.
In Honey: Blend propolis tincture with honey for a soothing remedy that can be taken with a spoonful to help with sore throats or boost immunity.
In Smoothies or Juices: Add a few drops of propolis tincture to your morning smoothie or juice for an extra boost of nutrients and immune support.
As a Gargle: Mix a few drops of propolis tincture with warm water and use it as a gargle to soothe a sore throat or reduce oral inflammation.
Inhalation: Add a few drops of propolis tincture to a bowl of hot water and inhale the steam to help with respiratory issues, such as colds or sinus congestion.
As a Skin Treatment: Apply diluted propolis tincture directly to the skin to treat minor burns, wounds, or acne due to its antimicrobial and healing properties.
As a Mouthwash: Mix propolis tincture with water to create a natural mouthwash that helps with oral hygiene and freshens breath.
Cautions
Staining: Propolis can stain both clothes and skin, so handle it carefully.
Allergies: Do not use propolis tincture if you have an allergy to honey or other bee products. If you're sensitive, test a small drop first and discontinue use if any allergic reactions occur.
Strong Flavor: Propolis has a strong flavour that some may find unpleasant. It’s best ingested with honey, on bread, or mixed in a liquid to make it more palatable.
Storage: Store propolis tincture in a cool, dark place to preserve its potency and extend its shelf life. Avoid exposing it to heat and light, as these can degrade its beneficial properties.
Important note: If you need to dilute strong alcohol, like 90%, to a lower concentration, such as 70% for a propolis tincture, always add water to the alcohol, not the other way around. This is a basic rule of chemistry that helps prevent heat generation (which can cause splashing) and ensures a better mix.
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